The Money Laundering Regulations
1.27 The Regulations (8) represent the UK's response to the EU Directive and implement the law in the UK on this topic. They set requirements for the AML/CTFregime within the regulated sector (which includes casinos).
1.28 The Regulations apply to non-remote and remote casinos, licensed by the Commission, who act in the course of business carried on by them in the UK. This includes remote casinos which either:
• have at least one piece of remote gambling equipment situated in Great Britain, or
• do not have remote gambling equipment situated in Great Britain, but the gambling facilities provided by remote casino are used in Great Britain. (9)
1.29 The Regulations impose additional requirements on the regulated sector. These include risk assessments and requirements in respect of written policies, procedures and controls, internal controls, CDD, record keeping and training.
1.30 This guidance sets out how casino operators must and can comply with the law governing money laundering and terrorist financing. The law places responsibilities on theCommission as the supervisory authority for casinos. The Commission should produce guidance that helps casino operators to meet the requirements of the law, and is workable in the remote and non-remote casino environments and is approved by HM Treasury. Thisguidance, therefore, covers the full requirements of the UK law as it affects casinos.
The role of gambling operators
1.31 Operators have a responsibility to uphold the three licensing objectives set out in the Gambling Act 2005 (the Act). The first of those licensing objectives is to prevent gambling from being a source of crime or disorder, being associated with crime or disorder or being used to support crime.
1.32 As described in the preceding paragraphs, money laundering in the gambling sector takes two main forms:
•Exchanging money, assets, goods and property that were acquired criminally for money or assets that appear to be legitimate or 'clean' (so called classic money laundering). This is frequently achieved by transferring or passing the funds through some form of legitimate business transaction or structure.
•Theuse of criminal proceeds to fund gambling as a leisure activity (so called criminal or 'lifestyle'spend).
1.33 In order to avoid committing offences under POCA, operators should report instances of known or suspected money laundering or terrorist financing by customers to the National Crime Agency (the NCA) and, where a defence (appropriate consent) is requested, wait for such defence (consent) to deal with a transaction or an arrangement involving the customer, or wait until a set period has elapsed before proceeding.
1.34 Operators should be aware that there is no minimum financial threshold for the management and reporting of known or suspected money laundering or terrorist financing activity.
The role of the Gambling Commission
1.35 The Commission requires operators to prevent gambling being a source of crime or disorder, being associated with crime or disorder or being used to support crime. This guidance document is an important frame of reference to help casino operators meet that objective. Whilst potential breaches of POCA and the Terrorism Act will normally be reported to the NCA and fall to the police to investigate, the Commission, in its role as the gambling regulator, seeks assurance that risks to the licensing objectives posed by money laundering activity and terrorist financing are effectively managed, and this guidance will assist casino operators to meet their obligations under POCA , the Regulations and the Terrorism Act, where appropriate.
1.36 Under the Regulations (10), the Commission is designated as the supervisory authority for casinos. The Regulations (11) stipulate that a supervisory authority must:
• effectively monitor the relevant persons for which it is the supervisory authority and take necessary measures for the purpose of securing compliance by such persons with the requirements of the Regulations
• adopt a risk-based approach to the exercise of its supervisory functions, having identified and assessed the risks of money laundering and terrorist financing to which the relevant persons for which it is the supervisory authority are subject
• ensure that its employees and officers have access to relevant information on the risks of money laundering and terrorist financing which affect its sector
• base the frequency and intensity of its on-site and off-site supervision on the risk profiles it has prepared
• keep a record in writing of the actions it has taken in the course of its supervision and of its reasons for deciding not to act in a particular case
• take effective measures to encourage its sector to report breaches of the provisions of the Regulations to it.
1.37 In accordance with its risk-based approach, the supervisory authority must take appropriate measures to review:
• the risk assessments carried out by relevant persons to identify and assess the risks of money laundering and terrorist financing to which the business is subject
• the adequacy of the policies, procedures and controls adopted by the relevant persons and the way that those policies, procedures and controls have been implemented (12).
1.38 The Commission therefore adopts a risk-based approach to its role as supervisory authority. We focus our attention on circumstances where the processing of criminal funds or criminal spend indicates serious failures in an operator’s arrangements for the management of risk and compliance with POCA, the Regulationsand the Terrorism Act or a breach of a licence condition, or makes a reasonably significant contribution to the financial performance of the business, particularly concerning their continued suitability to hold a licence (13).
1.39 Where a casino operator fails to uphold the licensing objectives, for example by being ineffective in applying AML/CTF controls or ignoring their responsibilities under POCA, the Regulations and the Terrorism Act, or breaches an applicable licence condition, the Commission will consider reviewing the operating licence under section 116 of the Act. This could result in the suspension or revocation of the operator’s licence under sections 118 and 119 of the Act. The Commission may also consider imposing a financial penalty where a licence condition has been breached, in accordance with section 121 of the Act.
I've done a good bit of reading on it. If anyone is interested in reading the whole thing (It's really long) - Old / Expired Link
It seems like the UKGC has a firm grip on casino operators and take AML quite seriously. Threatening to revoke operators Licenses if they don't comply with carrying out checks on suspected money launderers.
However, these checks are at the discretion of the Casino and should only be carried out if they actually suspect Money Laundering from what I understand; And I feel it's something casino's will abuse.
And here is the part where people get confused about it being a RG issue.
Customer relationships
3.1 Casino operators should be mindful that some risk indicators (for example, a pattern of increasing spend or spend inconsistent with apparent source of income) could be indicative of money laundering, but also equally of problem gambling, or both. There may also be patterns of play (for example, chasing losses) that appear to be indicative of problem gambling that could also be considered to indicate other risks (for example, spend that is inconsistent with the individual’s apparent legitimate income could be the proceeds of crime). While patterns of play may be one indicator of risk, casino operators should satisfy themselves that they have asked, or are prepared to ask, the necessary questions of customers when deciding whether to establish a business relationship, maintain the relationship or terminate the relationship. In summary, it is perfectly plausible that an individual attempting to spend criminal proceeds or launder money could also be a problem gambler, but one does not necessarily follow the other. The responsibility is on the operator to be in a position to understand these dynamics and mitigate any risks to the licensing objectives.
So again, SoW is not about RG.