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- May 29, 2004
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- England
How do you decide how many free spins to award when you're designing a game? Why choose 7, or 10, or 12, etc..?
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Yes you are right about the free spin...and probably abount MG too...LOL.. Viper Download software also crash in 50% of startups...and 50% sooner or later ingame.. Haha. But still I think all 100 free spins are known before they starts...the 100spins are just a grphical illusion of a lottery ticket win..just good coding thatshow each win added to balance. Otjer adds it in abig chunk at the end like NetEnt WMS and IGT..and majority of total wins are pretty even amounts...like 1000 coins or 1500 or 7500 so on.. Or 99,6 or 100,30.. That is somthing too that crossed my mind...you often get a feature when you pass an even amount like...like when uou have had millions of dead spins and have €1001 in balance and next €1,5 spin trigger a feature...noticed it many many times...and when you are about to lower the bet cause you reaching last €100 from like €500 and that last spin before €100 balance triggers it...I bet others here been there done that...
Now in trancemonkeys head.."Wow..this tourettsguy have found out everything about how we program slots!!"![]()

1) are reels, reels ? I mean, is a reel a fixed, finite strip of non changing symbols with probability of landing on a bet line equal the frequency of that symbol on that reel ? (actually joins questions 2-3)
A reel is a reel, but not all reels are the same. There are many, many ways to do reelstrips - some are as you say: they are a list of x number of symbols that all have an equal chance of landing in view. Then you have weighted / virtual reel strips, where not every position has the same chance of landing in view. These are just two examples of how we do things - and there are many more that (due to my job, and the fact i might get sacked!) i can't say on here.
2) is it (point in question 1) required by law/regulations ?
The way that we do the control for games is always scrutinized by test labs (such as GLI or NMI or BMM). We have to satisfy them that all outcomes are possible at the start of every spin - this is an ABSOLUTE in every jurisdiction i'm aware of for random slots. They also have to be satisfied that the games are fair (a Chi Square Test can tell you a lot about whether a game is random or not - although that kind of scientific maths is NOT my area of expertise at all!)
3) why are almost all slots illegal and why are authorities not doing anything about it? I explain myself. By regulation, when betting on something that represents a physical device, like a coin with head and tails, odds must be that of a fair device (in this case 0.50 0.50). But for (video) slots, non physical things happen
- sticky wilds, walking wilds, expending wilds are non physical events.
- change of reels (Jack and the Beanstalk -> no scatter symbol appear when there is a walking wild; by far not the only example)
- on jackpot wheels, the odds of having the needle point the JP section do not correspond to a that of uniform distribution on a circle. Same for JP bonus with cards etc. (Mega Fortune-like JP wheels are little more correct)
Video slots don't fall under that category - that legislation is for things like roulette, a coin flip, baccarat, etc...
What that rule is saying is that if you do a video version of a physical game, it must be representative of the physical device and you must not change the odds or do anything weird to the rules / pays etc. Some jurisdictions will allow changes IF they changes are clearly displayed to the player.
So, to answer your question - no, i would quite happily argue all slots are legal (i can't think of any illegal ones off the top of my head)
Also, your other points - there is nothing wrong with using different reel strips in a feature / bonus game. You can even have dependencies in a feature or a bonus game, because it is all within one credit.
3) are undocumented "hot modes" legal? aka Terminator2 reels are different depending on the hot/cold mode, kind of "non physical thing".
That only happens in the feature, so it's perfectly legal... and "hot games" or "fever modes" are actually legal in some jurisdictions (paid free games, for example, where you pay for each spin with enhanced reel bands)
4) how and where should every player who ever played a video slot make a complaint about any thing I mentionned?
First, as CM says, always play at an accredited casino, and if (like Betfair) they aren't accredited here, at least make sure they have a UKGC licence if you're playing in the UK. If you're not UK based, look for a regulator you can trust (i.e not bloody Curacao). If you have a dispute, you can take it up with the UKGC or the regulator (or of course through the PAB here!)
5) [asking a personal opinion here] if developers/operators were required by law/regulation to disclose the distribution of paytable [aka math model of slot], do you think the market will change in any way ? loss/gain of global revenue, some games played more than others ?
Never gonna happen - the maths model is the most important part of IP. More important than graphics, sounds, etc... The vast, vast majority of people (except Tourettesguy) trust slots and have good experiences with them. People still don't trust roulette in bookmakers - and that isn't hiding anything!
6) Other than a drastic change in
a: regulations or
b: loss of revenue (assuming the 5% of players providing 90% of business suddenly get their gambling addiction under control/get a brain/realize how easily they can be or are cheated)
can you think of anything else that would push the industry towards more transparency from a player point of view, force casinos to implement tools to verify integrity of the game/each bet instead of trusting 3rd party paid by the casinos/game developers themselves, or disclose paytable distribution ?
Not really - if the whales suddenly started leaving in droves and it was proven that it was through a lack of trust, then maybe...
Interestingly, in Singapore, we have to display the odds of getting the top award (for example 5 wilds on a single line - not a full screen of wilds, even if they are stacked) along with some other information. We also have to display the odds for the progressives in Macau. If you're ever in either of those two places - check the paytable (help pages)...
However, we know through data that the help pages are almost NEVER accessed... so even though the data is there, no one cares about it...

How do you decide how many free spins to award when you're designing a game? Why choose 7, or 10, or 12, etc..?
Who decides what the cost of a spin will be? Or how many lines it will have? Or just how big the highest prize will be?

Trance monkey,
Do you consider to be a developer first and a mathematician second or a mathematician first and a developer second or equal in both?
The reason I ask is the leading providers appear use dedicated mathematicians to create the game maths yet I notice that you said you do both if I understood you correctly.
What do you think are the disadvantages / advantages of both approaches (dedicated mathematician / no dedicated mathematician)?
Another question I have is the highest number of actual played spins you've personally observed for a live slot over its entire lifetime?

I have to guide the artists (...)
I have to guide the mathematicians (...)
I have to guide the devs (...)
And on top of all that, I (...)

and give mean salary for each group
)Hey Slotter999
I started as a coder and game designer (what you'd now call a producer) at Mazooma in the UK. Then went to JPM, Impulse and finally Maygay - at all three i was a coder and games designer - i designed all the fruit machines i coded, as well as did all the maths and control for them.
Now however, and for the last 10 years or more i've mainly been a producer - which means this:
I have to come up with the game concept - theme, features, bonuses, etc...
I have to guide the artists and make sure they make the game clear, interesting, exciting, etc...
I have to guide the mathematicians, giving them guidelines on what i want - how volatile, what hit frequency, discuss with the HOW to control the game (i.e set up the structure of the game)
I have to guide the devs - make sure that they put the game together in the way it is in my head and that the timings, the flow, the story of the game is correct and works.
And on top of all that, i have to try and convince Tourettesguy i know what i'm talking about
The game is all mine - i have total responsibility for the success or failure of the game. Of course, we get a lot of feedback from other producers and people in the office, but the final call on everything is 99% mine. I have enough rope to hang myself with - and i really enjoy that.

)Please list them in increasing salary orderand give mean salary for each group
)

Do you ever look at a competitor's slot machine and say...wow...we should have done that.....and speaking of competitors...can you look at a slot machine and see/guess/intuit the math they used?

Hahah - it was only a matter of time...
Quite often it's a guesstimate... but an educated one. And each producer has a different opinion about things like this...
For example, i might want to design a game which has lots of free spins on purpose (i.e Rhino) where you're just waiting for that 1 spin in 100 which pays big.
Or I might want to do a game where you only have 5 free spins, but each one pays well! It is quite personal to the producer - although sometimes market forces come in to play.
For example, you might be told my the market team "hey, we'd like a game with loads of free spins like the Konami games that award hundreds of free spins". Obviously then you're at the will of the market, but mostly it's up to us as producers to decide the personality of the game. I like to mix it up a bit and try different things...
Did you design roller coaster for jpm? that game was freakin amazing, still regarded by many as one of the best games ever designed. If so, were you the one who coded it to start "numbering" as a sign that the jackpot was obtainable?
Jpm were amazing during that period.. unfortunately, not so much and often quite the opposite in their latter days (hope you wasnt a part of that)
So is it like the result of the free spins has been pre-determined and all those many spins in Rhino is just eye candy? Each individual spin should have the same chance of hitting those 4 connecting wilds so you could theoretically have unlimited spins with 4 wilds?
That brings us to re-triggers during free games. Is it programmed that there is really no unlimited number of free spins or that it ends when the max win is achieved?

Also, as free spins are a feature (and therefore all within one credit) it WOULD BE ALLOWABLE to use a different set of reel bands after, say, spin 150 where the chance of a re-trigger was infinitely small.
Hey Nikantw - we were just talking about your trip to Malta last year to see us the other day!!


That answers a question I had always wondered when it comes to Novomatic slots
Without meaning to get you into trouble, do you find it quite hard to convince IGT to develop high variance games, especially as "entertainment" slots are more lucrative for the operator? Historically, although there have been a few cracking games like "Cleopatra II" (and "Bitten") and "Pharaoh's Fortune", I find most IGT slots very medium / low variance. When I see a game like Ghostbusters come out ad a Big Win is awarded at something like 6 or 8x I cry...although I understand that brand reputation plays a big part in some games.
I'd be interested to know what IGT games other than those i mentioned are HV (excluding Wagerworks stuff from the early days). As an aside, the best medium/low variance online slot from IGT IMO was Star Trek (the first one) ... had a really good balance.
Are you familiar with playtech at all?
With their slots, if you get disconnected during a bonus, that bonus is lost and coming back into the game will not recover it.
This happened to me a few times with great blue and buffalo blitz. The casino contacted playtech with my screenshots showing I was in a bonus round and it wasnt completed. Playtech stated they have no way of knowing what the bonus paid. I personally find this hard to believe that such a large and popular software provider does not have a recovery mode built into it.
They have been around for an awfully long time, so I assume there is no recourse here? I think they should be forced by the industry to have a recovery or at least be able to trace results. I mean seriously, they do offer the most jackpot slots how can they be so irresponsible?
The above is what I was told by the casino when I wanted my winnings from the bonus round. It was 15 free spins with 10x multiplier. The casino told me there isnt anything they can do about it but awarded me a prize of 200x out of 'goodwill'
Strange?
This happened to me a few times with great blue and buffalo blitz. The casino contacted playtech with my screenshots showing I was in a bonus round and it wasnt completed. Playtech stated they have no way of knowing what the bonus paid. I personally find this hard to believe that such a large and popular software provider does not have a recovery mode built into it.
I think you were misinformed. Not quite an identical scenario but a similar event: I had an instance on Sky Casino where a massive winning spin on a Great Blue bonus went missing (later turned out to be caused by a "responsible gaming" popup popped up at exactly the same moment). After the bonus finished, not only didn't it add the win to my balance but the winning spin wasn't shown in the play logs! I took it to the casino and they took it to Playtech who found the win in their own logs and credited the money (a week later).
Really strange. This was done through the manager at slotsmillion and I was very adamant that I wanted proper results and that the answer they gave me was unacceptable. But as I said above, when I pushed they said their hands are tied as playtech cannot track my win.
I'm not sure whether Playtech track every transaction and win, so this is something you would have to take up with them.
Thanks. I will be sending the casino an email asking for further information.
If this question has been answered, just link me to the page it is located.
Is there any difference between a slot in free play and in real money play in regards to RTG and big wins? I've played some slots such as Bruce Lee that are super tight in free play and then I have "hit" big wins in games such as Star Quest in the same mode.
Anyway, here's one TranceMonkey. Exposure to risk and maximum bets.
I know this has been touched on before but I see so many games (let's take Immortal Romance and Thunderstruck II as examples) where often, the maximum bet is as low as $6.
This is presumably because of the Wild Reels features where you could win very big but a) this is likely to be incredibly rare, b) the game has a house edge anyway.
Dead Or Alive seems to be a case where this hasn't had a major impact (max bets are usually $18) and yet it probably produces the most 3,000x + wins we see. I can't ever remember seeing a 3000x on Great Blue, IR or TS2 (sure it has happened on a very rare occasion).
So my question: as a developer, does designing an HV game with wins over 1000x limit the exposure and bet limits to such a degree that the game will only ever generate significant revenue if it becomes a cult classic like Great Blue (where many casinos max out at $.250 a spin!!!) and if so, can the developer insure the game and offer the casino a safety net (loan)?
awesome thread and answers trancemonkey. thank you for all your time and patience with us.
ok so Canadians cant play netent anymore, and who knows if we will ever get back to playing that brand, so my request is can you please make an exact replica of dead or alive under the IGT brand? it doesn't have to be the cowboy theme, just the same game as doa.
frig I miss playing that game, and a few others.
just another silly question....if I thought up a new game with some neat features could I pass them onto you and get royalty fees? is that called co-producer? lol that would be awesome.
Sadly i don't do online games at the moment, just retail games for land-based casinos, although if my game is taken online then i get input in to that. Standard Sticky Wilds are pretty old school now though - Miss Kitty, DoA, Pelican Pete, the WMS Leprechaun one i can't find any more...
The Great Blue being a maximum of 0.25 is crazy
Bruce Lee is capped at £60 normally - and again this is due to max liability issues. We all know that with the right set up that it's possible to get close to a 3000x win in that game, which would be £180,000 max payout.

Sorry I had my "." in the wrong plac. Should have read $2.50 but still way low.
I've had the 20 free spins 3 times on Bruce Lee but all were at JP, never since![]()

The Great Blue being a maximum of 0.25 is crazy - i'm sure that must be a bug as it makes no sense unless there are some 1,000,000x wins in there which would hit most casino's maximum payout.
Bruce Lee is capped at £60 normally - and again this is due to max liability issues. We all know that with the right set up that it's possible to get close to a 3000x win in that game, which would be £180,000 max payout.
Different casinos want different max liabilities so will set the max. bet based on that - obviously these games limit the whales from playing them, but are popular with normal players because of the big win that people chase... but they can set up each game differently. They may have decided that DOA is so popular with people chasing that big win that they are fine with setting the max bet high - but remember, there will almost certainly be a max payout clause in the T's & C's (normally these exclude Progressives - they bloody well should do!).
We have to balance the wants of the player with the needs of the market....

The 3,000x - 10,000x win and the max £200,000 - £300,000 payout are as high as most slots and casinos will go?
But we have the 117,649 way games like Bonanza. With highest paying symbol of 30x and unlimited fs multiplier. Lets say x20 fs multiplier and 30x and 117,649 way we get 70,589,400x at £20 max bet
But the max payout is never more than £300,000 (or something like that). There is no max payout clause in the T's & C's, so £300,000 max payout means you will never see more than 25 way of diamonds in fs.
So it is ok for games to let you think you can have a 117,649 way of a symbol but never let it give more than 25 way? Actually in Bonanza it could be just 20 way because we have seen some 20 way screenshots here but never more.

I am not sure if you have experience with online roulette design, but I will ask anyhow.
Basically my question how they work. I mean do they work like in B&M casinos e.g. each number is random (chosen by the RNG) or they are semi (or is it called pseudo?) random to be able to maintain the RTP (97.3% for European Roulette)?
I wonder if they are completely random how can the desired RTP be reached? I expect the RTP in landbased casinos can be very volatile depending on the luck of the player(s) (i.e. if a whale wins big).
I hope my question makes some sense.![]()
The 3,000x - 10,000x win and the max £200,000 - £300,000 payout are as high as most slots and casinos will go?
But we have the 117,649 way games like Bonanza. With highest paying symbol of 30x and unlimited fs multiplier. Lets say x20 fs multiplier and 30x and 117,649 way we get 70,589,400x at £20 max bet
But the max payout is never more than £300,000 (or something like that). There is no max payout clause in the T's & C's, so £300,000 max payout means you will never see more than 25 way of diamonds in fs.
So it is ok for games to let you think you can have a 117,649 way of a symbol but never let it give more than 25 way? Actually in Bonanza it could be just 20 way because we have seen some 20 way screenshots here but never more.

Just because it says that there is 117,649 ways to win, doesn't infer in any way that there is a chance to get a full screen of anything. When you play a 25 line game, do you always assume that there must be a way to get a full screen of something? No... probably not, so why infer it on a ways game?
The only one i know of from BTG that you can full screen on is Queen of Riches (the Twin Spin style one) - and that has a low max bet i believe... And i bet that can only happen on the lowest symbol![]()
All symbols appear staked on any row, that is why.
That's not true - not every symbol appears stacked seven high on every reel...
Are you talking about Bonanza, or as a general game design rule?
About Bonanza, how am I supposed to know? And it doesn't matter if they are 7 diamonds on the 1st drop. Because a) they can drop later, b) 4x4x4x4x4x4 = 4096 way x 30 = 122,880x more than enough for me or anybody else (not to mention the fs multiplier).
So if it makes you more comfortable lets talk about a 4000 way diamonds. Am I right to believe the game will never give more that 25 way (based on max liability, max bet and payout table)?
I would imagine they have completely different reel bands for each possible number of ways... but even if they didn't I would imagine that some symbols are only stacked a few high if stacked at all so that yes you might be able to get 243 or 4096 ways for example, but not any higher (certainly on some symbols). But the psychology is that you COULD right? Even if you can't... it's a powerful tool...
awesome thread and answers trancemonkey. thank you for all your time and patience with us.
ok so Canadians cant play netent anymore, and who knows if we will ever get back to playing that brand, so my request is can you please make an exact replica of dead or alive under the IGT brand? it doesn't have to be the cowboy theme, just the same game as doa.
frig I miss playing that game, and a few others.
just another silly question....if I thought up a new game with some neat features could I pass them onto you and get royalty fees? is that called co-producer? lol that would be awesome.
If you win any amount on a casino who pays it to you the casino operator or the game owner or is it split.
For example would Videoslots pay me £1 on a winning line on Dead Or Alive or would it be NetEnt?
To be honest, when Dead or Alive was revamped for HTML 5, they tightened it. Over at the last casino that had Net Ent before it was blocked my results were poor.
I have faith that Net Entertainment will be unblocked at some point again but we may have to worry about several other companies who don't want us to play their fare such as Big Time Gaming, Next Generation and who knows who else? Both those companies blocked us on some casinos.
